Physical examination in general and review of medical history. This will include an examination of your genital areas as well as inquiries about any ailments that run in your family, persistent health issues, illnesses, injuries, or operations that could impair your fertility. Your sexual history and how your sexuality developed during puberty may also be topics of discussion between the two of you and your doctor.

Examination of sperm

There are a few distinct routes one can take to acquire samples of sperm. In order to submit a sample, you will need to ejaculate and masturbate into a specific container while you are at the doctor’s office. Some men, out of respect for their religion or their culture’s traditions, opt for a different technique of collecting their sperm. When this occurs, a specialized condom can be worn during sexual activity in order to collect the male gamete.

Your sperm sample is then analyzed in a laboratory to determine the amount of sperm that are there, as well as to check for any abnormalities in the morphology and motility of the sperm. Additionally, the laboratory will examine your sperm for indications of issues such as infections.

There is frequently a substantial amount of variation in sperm counts from one specimen to the next. In most circumstances, many tests of sperm analysis are carried out over the course of a period of time in order to guarantee accurate results. If your sperm analysis comes back normal, your physician will most likely advise you to undergo comprehensive testing of your female spouse before proceeding with any additional tests on male infertility.

In order to better determine the reason for your infertility, your physician may suggest that you undergo additional testing. These may include the following:

There is a possibility that infertility is caused by abnormalities in other hormonal or organ systems as well. The amount of testosterone and other hormones can be determined through a blood test.

Urinalysis

Urinalysis to be performed after ejaculating. If you find sperm in your urine, it may be a sign that your sperm are ejaculating in the wrong direction (retrograde ejaculation), where they are going into the bladder rather than out of your penis.

Tests of genetic makeup. There is a possibility that genetics are to blame in cases of exceptionally low sperm concentration. A simple blood test can determine whether or not there are minute alterations in the Y chromosome, which are indicators of a genetic anomaly. In order to detect a variety of congenital or hereditary syndromes, a doctor could recommend genetic testing.

Biopsy of the testicle

To complete this test, a needle will be inserted into the testicle and used to remove samples. If the results of the testicular biopsy show that sperm production is normal, then the reason for your problem is most likely a blockage or some issue with the way sperm is transported.

Detailed examinations of the function of sperm. There are a few different tests that may be performed to determine whether or not there is an issue with the attachment of the sperm to the egg, how well they can enter an egg, and whether or not they survive after ejaculation. These tests are not performed very frequently, and the results of them typically do not appreciably alter treatment recommendations.

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